NEW APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF PRESTART PREPARATION OF QUALIFIED ATHLETES IN SINGLE COMBATS (ON AN EXAMPLE OF FENCING)

Purpose: to develop and investigate the effectiveness of complex extra-training means to enhance the prelaunch qualified athletes in fencing. Material: the study involved 12 qualified male fencers. Measurements were made of the latent period of simple and complex visual-motor response. Results: recommended set of proposed actions prelaunch 45 minutes before the start of the competition. The maximum stimulating effect of the experimental complex extra-training means in terms of neural properties of the organism is observed from the tenth to thirty minutes after the impact. Conclusions: We have reached the stimulatory effects of reduced overall duration of the workout to twenty minutes, allowing you to more efficiently organize the process of prelaunch qualified athletes in fencing as opposed to using traditional means.

In this connection we fulfilled analysis of latent period of simple visual motor response (LP SVMR) and latent period of complex visual motor response (LP CVMR) under influence of extra training means' complex and under influence of traditional fencers' warming up [7].Measurements were carried out at 1 st , 10 th , 20 th , 30 th and 40 th minutes of recreational period in control and experimental part of the researches (see table 1).Notes: * -statistically significant differences comparing with data, received after traditional warming up, at level of p<0.05 After experimental complex we registered confident change of LP SVMR time.Comparing with control measurements LP SVMR improved by 4.3 m.sec.just after application of experimental means, by 7.4 m.sec.after 10 th minute, by 12.6 m.sec.after 20 th minute, by 157 m.sec.after 30 th minute (p <0.05).After 40 th minute we registered reduction of effect.The highest improvement of LP SVMR indicators was in period from 1 st to 30 th minutes after fulfillment of our complex.It is vividly illustrated by results of statistical analysis (p <0.05).
Analysis of LP CVMR showed that just after fulfillment of complex there was no confident change in time of response, comparing with control measurements.After 10 th minute improvement was 15.2 m.sec., after 20 th minute -22 m.sec., after 30 th minute -21 m.sec.After 40 th minute difference between control and experimental measurements was 18.1 m.sec.(p <0.05).
In the course of experiment we considered international rules of FIE (sportsman shall be near place of duel 10 minutes before the start of duel).Application of experimental complex permits to shorten time for warming up and it reduces level of physical and emotional tension and, in its turn, preserves potential of workability for further competition functioning.
In fig. 1 it is shown that application of offered complex of prestart exercises is the most effective 45 minutes before start of competitions.It is connected with the fact that under influence of this complex (15-18 minutes), comparing with after effect of traditional warming up (40 minutes) more expressed stimulating effect was registered, which lasted for longer period of time.It is proved by indicators of LP CVMR and LP SVMR.We also registered high subjective self assessment of sportsmen's condition: increased workability, high quickness of movements, quick restoration after loads of warming up's special part, desire to participate in competitions.

Discussion
The fulfilled work proved results of researches of a number of authors, devoted to complex and rational application of training and extra training means in system, of sport training that result in increasing of competition functioning's effectiveness in general [5,3,10,13].Also we supplemented theoretical principles of realization of qualified sportsmen's available functional potential in the course of direct preparation for competitions [1,4,12,16] as well as modern approaches to optimization of prestart training of qualified sportsmen, specializing in fencing, with the help of extra training means [10,17,18].
Alongside with it, the conducted research permitted to give ground to purposefulness of application of extra training means' experimental complex in process of prestart training of qualified sportsmen, specializing in fencing.The received results permit to affirm that the offered complex of extra training means increase effectiveness of prestart warming up and, as a result, widen opportunities for qualified fencers' organism to realization of available functional potential.For the first time we obtained data about influence of extra training means on indicators of neuro dynamic functions of sportsmen.The received results witness about positive influence of experimental complex on indicators of fencers' special workability.It gives ground for application of this complex in process of prestart training of qualified sportsmen in fencing.Conclusions 1.
We worked out complex of extra training means for increase of prestart training effectiveness of qualified sportsmen.Specializing in fencing.With working out of the complex we considered specificity of fencing competition functioning.
2. Application of experimental means resulted in reduction of latent period of simple visual motor response, comparing with indicators, received after traditional warming up.Just after fulfillment of experimental complex time of simple visual motor response reduced by 10.6 m.sec.(p<0.05); after 10 th minute -by 11.9 m.sec.(p <0.05); after twentieth minute -by 13.3 m.sec.(p <0.05); after thirtieth minute time of latent period of simple visual motor response was by 15 m.sec.(p<0.05)better than after traditional warming up.
3. Just after fulfillment of experimental complex time of complex visual motor response did not change confidently.Confident reduction of the response was registered after 10 th minute and was 15.2 m.sec.(p <0.05); after twentieth minute difference was 22.0 m.sec.(p <0.05); after thirtieth minute -21 m.sec.(p <0.05);after 40 th minute -18.1 m.sec.(p <0.05).In most of the sportsmen (81 %) stimulating effect was registered in period from 10 th to 40 th minutes.

4.
By neuro dynamic indicators maximal stimulating effect of experimental complex of extra training means was registered in period from 10 th to 30 th minutes after fulfillment of the complex.The received stimulating effects reduced duration of warming up's general part up to 20 minutes that permits to more rationally organize the process of fencers' prestart training in comparison with traditional methods.

Table 1
Indicators of visual motor response after traditional warming up and after experimental complex of extra training means