Estimation of jumping distance using run-up velocity for male long jumpers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2018.0302Keywords:
long, jump, velocity, estimationAbstract
Background and Study Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between run-up velocity and jumping distance, and create a jumping distance estimation model that trainers may use practically for athletes at broad performance level. In a long jump, about ninety percent of the jumping distance is the athlete’s flying distance, and horizontal velocity, which has the highest effect on flying distance among biomechanical factors, is highly important in long jumps. Therefore, especially the velocity of the athlete in the last ten meters of run-up is considered to be the most important determinant of performance.Material and Methods: The research data was composed of 328 valid trials on 73 Turkish male long jumpers who were 18.7 (±2.8) years old. As a result of the correlation statistics obtained in this study, a linear regression model was formed between last-ten-meter running velocity and jumping distance, which was observed to have the highest correlation.Results: It was observed that the velocity for run-up in the last ten meters explained 76% of jumping distance. Based on the estimating equation, it may be stated that 0.1 m/s of increase in run-up velocity for male long jumpers will increase their jumping distance by 10.7 cm.Conclusions: It was observed that especially the velocity in the last 10 meters of run-up was one of the most significant predictors of performance, and the estimation model established using the value of run-up velocity, which had the strongest relationship, was able to make high-accuracy estimations for both low and high values.Keywords: long jump, velocity, estimation model.References
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<p>Lees A, Graham-Smith P, Fowler N. A Biomechanical Analysis of the Last Stride, Touchdown, and Takeoff Characteristics of the Men’ s Long Jump. <i>J Appl Biomech</i>. 1994;10:61–78. </p>
<p>Bridgett LA, Galloway M, Linthorne NP. The effect of run-up speed on long jump performance. In: Gianikellis KE (ed.). <i>Sci Proc XXth Int Symp Biomech Sport. Cáceras</i>, Spain: Universidad de Extremadura; 2002. P. 80–3. </p>
<p>Bridgett LA, Linthorne NP. Changes in long jump take-off technique with increasing run-up speed. <i>J Sports Sci.</i> 2006;24:889–97. </p>
<p>Moura NA, de Paula Moura TF, Borin JP. Approach speed and performance in the horizontal jumps: What do Brazilian athletes do? <i>New Stud Athl. IAAF publications</i>; 2005;20:43-45. </p>
<p>Mishra MK, Rathore VS. Speed and agility as predictors of long jump performance of male athletes. <i>Turkish J Sport Exerc</i>. 2016;18:27–33. </p>
<p>Schulek A. Long jump with supramaximal and normal speed. <i>IAAF new Stud Athl NSA</i>. 2002;17:37–43. </p>
<p>Hay JG, Miller JA. Techniques Used in the Transition From Approach to Takeoff in the Long Jump. <i>Int J Sport Biomech</i>. 1985;1:174. </p>
<p>Portney LG, Watkins MP. <i>Foundations of clinical research. Applications to practice</i>. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company; 2015. </p>
<p>Nelson JD, Zebas CJ. Predictors of Horizontal Velocity in the Takeoff of the Long Jump and Triple Jump Hop. <i>6 Int Symp Biomech Sport</i>. 1988;181–5. </p>
<p>Hay JG. The Biomechanics of the Long Jump. <i>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</i>. 1986;14:401–46. </p>
<p>Linthorne NP. Biomechanics of the Long Jump. In: Hong Y, Bartlett R, editors. <i>Handb Biomech Hum Mov Sci.</i> Routledge; 2008. P. 340–54. </p>
<p>Derse E, Hansen J, Tim O, Stolley S. <i>Track and Field Coaching Manual</i>. LA84 Foundation; 2012. </p>
<p>Hommel H. <i>Long Jump (Final Report) - Scientific Research Project Biomechanical Analyses at the IAAF World CH in Athletics - Berlin 2009</i> [Internet]. 2009 [updated 2009 Feb 10; cited 2017 Apr 10]. Available from: https://www.iaaf.org/development/research</p>
<p>Fukasiro S, Wakavama A. The men’s Long Jump. <i>New Stud Athl</i>. 1992;7:53–6. </p>
<p>Açıkada C, Arıtan S, Yazıcıoğlu M V. 1992 Balkan Gençler Şampiyonası Uzun Atlama Yaklaşma Koşusunun Analizi. [Analysis of the 1992 Balkan Junior Championship Long Jump Approach Run.]. <i>Atlet Bilim ve Teknol Derg</i>. 1993;9:34–40. </p>
<p>Hay JG. Citius, altius, longius (faster, higher, longer): the biomechanics of jumping for distance. <i>J Biomech</i>. 1993;26:7–21. </p>
<p>Lees A, Graham-Smith P, Fowler N. A Biomechanical Analysis of the Last Stride, Touchdown, and Takeoff Characteristics of the Men’ s Long Jump. <i>J Appl Biomech</i>. 1994;10:61–78. </p>
<p>Bridgett LA, Galloway M, Linthorne NP. The effect of run-up speed on long jump performance. In: Gianikellis KE (ed.). <i>Sci Proc XXth Int Symp Biomech Sport. Cáceras</i>, Spain: Universidad de Extremadura; 2002. P. 80–3. </p>
<p>Bridgett LA, Linthorne NP. Changes in long jump take-off technique with increasing run-up speed. <i>J Sports Sci.</i> 2006;24:889–97. </p>
<p>Moura NA, de Paula Moura TF, Borin JP. Approach speed and performance in the horizontal jumps: What do Brazilian athletes do? <i>New Stud Athl. IAAF publications</i>; 2005;20:43-45. </p>
<p>Mishra MK, Rathore VS. Speed and agility as predictors of long jump performance of male athletes. <i>Turkish J Sport Exerc</i>. 2016;18:27–33. </p>
<p>Schulek A. Long jump with supramaximal and normal speed. <i>IAAF new Stud Athl NSA</i>. 2002;17:37–43. </p>
<p>Hay JG, Miller JA. Techniques Used in the Transition From Approach to Takeoff in the Long Jump. <i>Int J Sport Biomech</i>. 1985;1:174. </p>
<p>Portney LG, Watkins MP. <i>Foundations of clinical research. Applications to practice</i>. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company; 2015. </p>
<p>Nelson JD, Zebas CJ. Predictors of Horizontal Velocity in the Takeoff of the Long Jump and Triple Jump Hop. <i>6 Int Symp Biomech Sport</i>. 1988;181–5. </p>
<p>Hay JG. The Biomechanics of the Long Jump. <i>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</i>. 1986;14:401–46. </p>
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2018-06-30
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Bayraktar I, Çilli M. Estimation of jumping distance using run-up velocity for male long jumpers. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 2018;22(3):124-9. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2018.0302
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