Comparative analysis of self-reliance of athletes of different sports
Keywords:
athlete, self-reliance, self-esteem, locus of control, reflection
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to identify self-reliance manifestation features among qualified athletes of different sports. Material and methods. The study participants were representatives of combat sports (boxing) n = 23, complex-coordination (gymnastics) n = 25, speed-strength (discus throw) n = 23, and also cyclic sports (swimming) n = 38. In total 109 sportsmen. The age of the respondents was from 16 to 18 years old. Comprehensive psycho-diagnostic methods diagnose self-reliance level and manifestation degree of athletes’ personal qualities. Results. The results of the study confirmed our hypothesis that athletes of various sports may experience specific features of self-reliance. It has been established that self-reliance level is higher than average for representatives of combat and complex-coordinated sports. Representatives of cyclical and speed-strength sports are characterized with an average self-reliance level. Combat and complex-coordination sports are very similar according to the specifics of self-reliance expression. Self-reliance possibility data comparison among cyclical and speed-strength athletes showed their certain homogeneity. It has been revealed that only a future activities reflection is closely related to a self-reliance among boxers (Spearman rank correlation = -.478). There are two correlations in the sample of gymnastics representatives. An increase in the overall reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.489) and the future activities reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.427) leads to self-reliance decrease among gymnasts. The inhibitory effect of future activity reflection on the athletes’ self-reliance level has been established empirically. We determined that self-assessment is a personal formation that actualizes self-reliance of swimmers and discus throwers. (Spearman rank correlation = .618). Conclusions. The handled comparative analysis of self-reliance of different sports athletes has verified its high informative value. Statistically significant differences recorded in the self-reliance level among of boxing, gymnastics, discus throwing and swimming athletes. The high informative value of used questionnaire allows recommending it as a screening tool during promising athletes selection.Downloads
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https://doi.org/10.26582/k.48.2.15
3. Ryska TA. Self-esteem among intercollegiate athletes: The role of achievement goals and competitive orientation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 2002; 21(1): 67-80.
https://doi.org/10.2190/D6R7-KGFM-HALC-UPB7
4. Vealey RS. Conceptualization of sport-confidence and competitive orientation: Preliminary investigation and instrument development. Journal of Sport Psychology.1986; 8:221– 246.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jsp.8.3.221
5. Volianiuk NYu, Lozhkin GV. Predictors of confidence in conditions of uncertainty. In: Collection of articles based on the VI International Scientific Practical Conference «Psychological support of education: theory and practice», Joshkar-Ola, December 24-26, 2015, Joshkar-Ola; 2016. P. 71–75. (in Russian)
6. Mohlenkamp G. Kreative Bewältigung kognitiver Unsicherheit. Die Motivationalen Voraussetzungen unterschiedlicher Bewaltingnusstrateigien kognitiver Konflikt: ein theoreicher Entwurf und der Versuch seiner empirichen Validierung [Coping with cognitive uncertainty. The Motivational Prerequisites of Different Attacking Cognitive Conflict: A Theoretical Design and the Trial of its Empirical Validation], Munster; 1975. (in German)
7. Emerson R. Toward a Theory of Value in Social Exchange. Social Exchange Theory; 1987.
8. Kupreichenko AB. Psychology of trust and distrust. Мoscow: Publishing House «Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences»; 2008. (in Russian)
9. Skripkina TP. Self-reliance as a condition for personal development. Voprosy psikhologii, 2002;1:95–103. (in Russian)
10. Erikson EH. Insight and responsibility. New York: Norton; 1964.
11. Emerson R. Moral Philosophy. Minsk: Harvest, Moscow: AST; 2001. (in Russian)
12. Hoffinan A. A conceptualization of trust in international relations. European journal of international relation, 2002; 8 (3): 375– 401.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066102008003003
13. Nandal M. A comparative study of self-confidence among Hockey and Volleyball Players. Darpan Communication Society. 2014;1(12):44.
14. Woodman T, Hardy L. The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sports performance: A meta- analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2003;21:443– 457.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000101809
15. Covassin T, Pero S. The relationships between self-confidence, mood state, and anxiety among collegiate tennis players. Journal of sport behavior, 2003;3:230–242.
16. Weinberg RS, Gould D. Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology. Champaign, Human Kinetics;2003.
17. Seligman A. The problem of trust. Moscow: Ideya-Press; 2002. (in Russian)
18. Wilson RC, Sullivan PJ, Myers ND, Feltz DL. Sources of Sport Confidence of Master Athletes. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2004;26(3):369- 84.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.26.3.369
19. Astatina NB. Creation and approbation of a new personal questionnaire «Methods of studying of self-reliance». Psychological Science and Education; [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2019 Jan 23];3. Available from: http://psyedu.ru/journal/2010/3/Astanina.phtml (in Russian)
20. Rean AA. Psychology and personality psychodiagnostics: theory, research methods, practical work. Saint Petersburg: Prime EUROPEAN; 2008. (in Russian)
21. El-Ashker S, Nasr M. Effect of boxing exercises on physiological and biochemical responses of Egyptian elite boxers. J Phys Ed Sport, 2012;12:111–116.
22. Rotter JB. Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility. American Psychologist, 1980; 35:1– 7.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.35.1.1
23. Prokhorov AO, Chernov AV. The role of reflection in the process of regulation of students' mental states. In: V.A. Drummers. ed. Natural-scientific approach in modern psychology. Moscow: Publishing House Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2014. P.783–788. (in Russian)
24. Karpov AV. Regularities of the structural organization of reflexive processes. Psychological Journal, 2006;6:8–28. (in Russian)
25. Martens R. Successful coaching. Moscow: Man; 2014. (in Russian)
26. Thompson P. Introduction to coaching theory. Moscow: Man; 2014. (in Russian)
27. Festinger L. Introduction to the theory of dissonance. In. Festinger L. Theory of cognitive dissonance. St. Petersburg: Yuventa; 1999. (in Russian)
Published
2019-08-28
How to Cite
1.
Kolosov A, Volianiuk N, Lozhkin G, Buniak N, Osodlo V. Comparative analysis of self-reliance of athletes of different sports. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 2019;23(4):162-8. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0401
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