Терміновий ефект застосування ізоінерціального опору на спринт, вертикальні і горизонтальні стрибки
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0204Ключові слова:
ізоінерціальние опір, довжина кроку, вертикальний стрибок, горизонтальний стрибок, домінантна нога, недомінантний ногаАнотація
Мета: Метою даного дослідження було вивчення термінового ефекту застосування ізоінерціального опору на спринт, вертикальні і горизонтальні стрибки. Матеріал: добровольці 32 учні чоловічої статі були розділені на рандомізовану експериментальну групу і контрольну групу. До і після 4-х повторного максимального присідання з поверненням (для експериментальної групи) або без застосування ізоінерціонного опору (для контрольної групи), 30-метрового спринту, вертикальних присідань і стрибків з контрольними рухами обома ногами, домінуючою ногою і недоминантной ногою, стоячи, були оцінені стрибки в довжину з місця і стрибки в довжину з обох сторін. Були використані t-критерій Уилкоксона для відмінностей між групами до і після тесту, а також U-критерій Манна Уїтні для відмінностей між групами до і після тесту. Результати: не було ніяких істотних відмінностей всередині групи і між групами для 30 м спринту на обох ногах, крім середньої довжини кроку перед тестом між групами (Z = -2,27; р <0,02). Контрольна група мала значну різницю між вертикальною силою домінуючої ноги до і після тесту (Z = -2,07; p <0,05). Існували суттєві групові відмінності в мимовільному стрибку проти домінуючого положення ноги перед початком тесту (Z = -2,13; р <0,05), в недомінантний положенні до і після випробування довжини кроку недомінантного стану ноги (Z = -1,99 і Z = -2,28; p 0,05 відповідно). Висновки. В результаті впливу застосування ізоінерціального опору до довжини кроку, особливо до недоминантної довжини кроку, робиться висновок про те, що тривалі тренування з ізоінерціонним опором можуть підтримувати спринт з допустимим дисбалансом довжини кроку між домінуючою ногою і недоминантной ногою.Посилання
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https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001913
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Chu D, Korchemny R. Sprinting stride actions. Analysis and evaluation. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 1989;11(6):6-8, 81- 85.
https://doi.org/10.1519/0744-0049(1989)011<0006:SSAAAE>2.3.CO;2
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182503807
2. Aboodarda SJ, Page PA, Behm DG. Muscle activation comparisons between elastic and isoinertial resistance: A meta-analysis. Clinical Biomechanics, 2016; 39:52– 61.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.09.008
3. Kellett M, Patroni P, Calvetti M, Susta D. Enhanced power after a 4-week submaximal isoinertial training: a pilot study. Proceedings of the 2014 NSCA National Strength and Conditioning Association International Conference; 2014 June 26-28; Murcia, Spain: CCD, 25;10(9):S188.
4. Norrbrand L, Pozzo M, Tesch PA. Flywheel resistance training calls for greater eccentric muscle activation than weight training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010;110(5):997- 1005.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1575-7
5. Samozino P, Rejc E, Di Prampero PE, Belli A, Morin JB. Optimal force-velocity profile in ballistic movements - altius: Citius or fortius? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2012;44(2):313- 322.
https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822d757a
6. Cormie P, McGuigan MR, Newton RU. Developing maximal neuromuscular power. Part 2. Training considerations for improving maximal power production. Sports Medicine, 2011;41(2):125- 146.
https://doi.org/10.2165/11538500-000000000-00000
7. Loturco I, Pereira LA, Kobal R, Maldonado T, Piazzi AF, Bottino A, et al. Improving sprint performance in soccer: Effectiveness of jump squat and Olympic push press exercises. PloS One, 2016;11(4):e0153958 .
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153958
8. Wisløff U, Castagna C, Helgerud J, Jones R, Hoff J. Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2004;38(3):285- 288.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2002.002071
9. Bobbert MF, Gerritsen KG, Litjens MC, Van Soest AJ. Why is countermovement jump height greater than squat jump height? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 1996;28(12):1402- 1412.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199611000-00009
10. Perez-Gomez J, Rodrigez GV, Ara I, Olmedillas H, Chavarren J, Gonzalez-Henriquez JJ, et al. Role of muscle mass on sprint performance: gender differences? European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2008;102(6):685- 94.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0648-8
11. Maulder P, Bradshaw E, Koegh J. Jump kinetic determinations of sprint acceleration performance from starting blocks in male sprinters. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2006;5(2):359–366.
12. Plisk S, Beachle TR, Earle RW. Speed, agility, and speed-endurance development. In: Beachle TR, Earle RW, editors. Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning. Champaigh, IL: Human Kinetics; 2008. p. 458–485.
13. Cormie P, McGuigan MR, Newton RU. Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2010;42(8):1582– 1598.
https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d2013a
14. Raeder C, Wiewelhove T, Westphal-Martinez MP, Fernandez J, de Paula Simola RA, Kellmann M, et al. Neuromuscular fatigue and physiological responses after five dynamic squat exercise protocols. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2016;30(4):953– 965.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001181
15. Maulder P, Cronin J. Horizontal and vertical jump assesment: reliability, symmetry, discriminative, and predictive ability. Physical Therapy in Sport, 2005;6(2):74- 82.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2005.01.001
16. Nagona A, Komura T, Fukashiro S. Optimal coordination of maximal-effort horizontal and vertical jump motions–a computer simulation study. Biomedical Engineering Online, 2007;6(1):20 .
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-6-20
17. Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Andersen CH, Persson R, Zebis MK, Andersen LL. Effectiveness of hamstring knee rehabilitation exercise performed in training machine vs. elastic resistance: electromyography evaluation study. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitaion, 2014;93(4):320– 327.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000043
18. Kaçoglu C, Kale M. Acute effects of lower body electromyostimulation application with two different frequencies on isokinetic strength and jumping performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 2016;16(1):38-45.
19. Bosco C, Luhtanen P, Komi PV. A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 1983;50(2):273- 282.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422166
20. Howatson G, Brandon R, Hunter AM. The response to and recovery from maximum-strength and -power training in elite track and field athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2016;11(3):356– 362.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0235
21. Kennedy RA, Drake D. Dissociated time course of recovery between strength and power after isoinertial resistance loading in rugby union players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2018;32(3):748-755.
22. Padulo J, Laffaye G, Ardigò LP, Chamari K. Concentric and eccentric: muscle contraction or exercise? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2013;312(3):608-609.
23. Van Hooren B, Zolotarjova J. The difference between countermovement and squat jump performance: A review of underlying mechanisms with practical applications. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2017;31(7):2011- 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001913
24. Enoka RM. Neuromechanical Basis of Kinesiology, 2nd Edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 1996.
25. Nosaka K, Newton MJ, Sacco P. Attenuation of protective effect against eccentric exercise induced muscle damage. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiolgy, 2005;30(5):529- 542.
https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-139
26. Vazquez-Guerreo J, Moras G. Changes in muscular architecture and execution velocity during squats performed using the versapulley under stable and unstable conditions in junior elite basketball players. Cuader- nos de Psicología del Deporte, 2015;15(3):243-252.
Chu D, Korchemny R. Sprinting stride actions. Analysis and evaluation. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 1989;11(6):6-8, 81- 85.
https://doi.org/10.1519/0744-0049(1989)011<0006:SSAAAE>2.3.CO;2
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2019-04-25
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Kale M, Özmusul A, Heper E. Терміновий ефект застосування ізоінерціального опору на спринт, вертикальні і горизонтальні стрибки. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 25, Квітень 2019;23(2):76-82. доступний у10.15561/18189172.2019.0204
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