Антропометричні характеристики професійних футболістів з урахуванням ігрового амплуа та їх значення для успішного результату в ігрі
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0503Ключові слова:
морфологічні характеристики, географічний район, відбір футболістівАнотація
Футбол - це гра, в якій антропометричні характеристики є важливими факторами для конкретних позицій гравця, де морфологічні характеристики розрізняються залежно від рівня конкуренції та ігрового амплуа в грі. Склад тіла є важливим показником фізичної підготовленості та загального стану здоров'я спортсменів, тому сьогодні це часто обговорюють в науковій літературі. Метоа: визначення відмінностей в антропометричних характеристиках професійних футболістів в залежності від їх ігрового амплуа і визначення їх значимості для успішного результату в грі. Матеріал: двадцять дев'ять футболістів чоловічої статі зі збірної команди Сербії взяли участь в дослідженні, в якому були виміряні довжина тіла, маса тіла і індекс маси тіла. Результати: Результати дослідження показують, що статистично значущі відмінності в довжині і масі тіла були зафіксовані між воротарями і півзахисниками (р <0,01) і воротарями і нападниками (р <0,05) на користь воротарів, проте в показниках індексу маси тіла статистично значущих відмінностей не було зареєстровано. Найнижчі показники довжини і маси тіла, ІМТ були зафіксовані у півзахисників. Висновки. На підставі результатів дослідження можна зробити висновок, що морфологічні характеристики відіграють важливу роль у визначенні успіху спортсменів. Футбольні тренери можуть використовувати результати цього дослідження як засіб для кращого розуміння та інтерпретації антропометричних характеристик при виборі ігрової позиції гравців. Ознайомлення з виявленими антропометричними відмінностями у футболістів різних амплуа допоможе поліпшити як тренувальний процес, так і відбір в ранньому віці.Посилання
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https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.s.2014020601.13
2. Bangsb J. Fitness Training in Football – A Scientific Approach. Bagsvaerd: HO + Storm, 1994.
3. Reilly T, Bangsbo J, Franks A. Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. J Sports Sci. 2000; 18: 669–683.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050120050
4. Rebelo A, Brito J, Maia J, Coelho-e-Silva MJ, Figueiredo AJ, Bangsbo J, Malina RM, Seabra A. Anthropometric Characteristics, Physical Fitness and Tehnical Performance of Undere-19 Soccer Players by Competitive Level and Field Position. Int. J. Sports Med. 2013; 34(4): 312-7.
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1323729
5. Burdukiewicz A, Pietraszewska J, Stachoń A, Chromik K, Goliński D. The Anthropometric Characteristics of Futsal Players Compared with Professional Soccer Players, Human Movement. 2014; 15(2): 93-99.
https://doi.org/10.2478/humo-2014-0008
6. Rienzi E, Drust B, Reilly T, Carter JE, Martin A. Investigation of anthropometric and work-rate profiles of elite outh American international soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000; 40: 162–169.
7. Vučetić V, Sporiš G, Jukić I. Diagnostics of the level of training of the football players. In: Ostojić, S. Physiology of football. Scientific knowledge and practical experience. Beograd: DATASTATUS; 2015. P. 100-110.
8. Smajić M, Mandić D, Čokorilo N, Milošević Z, Obradović B, Tomić B. Razlike u morfološkim karakteristikama fudbalera kategorije starijih pionira i kadeta [Differences in the morphological characteristics of the soccer players of the category of older pioneers and cadets]. Journal of the Anthropological Society of Serbia. 2015; 50: 11-16. (In Serbian)
https://doi.org/10.5937/gsds1550011S
9. Pržulj D. Basics of anthropomotorics. East Sarajevo. Faculty of Physical Culture; 2005.
10. Popović S, Mašanović B, Molnar S, Smajić M. Determinisanost kompozicije tela vrhunskih sportista. [Determination of the body composition of top athletes]. Teme. 2009; 4: 1535-1549 (In Serbian)
11. Tomić B, Smajić M, Jakonić D, Vasić G. Komparativna analiza morfoloških karakteristika dve generacije fudbalera. [Comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics of two generations of footballers]. Journal of the Antropological Society of Serbia. 2012; 47: 119-123 (In Serbian).
https://doi.org/10.5937/gads1247119T
12. Ostojić MS, Stojanović M. Profiling Top Football Players. In: Ostojić S. Physiology of football. Scientific knowledge and practical experience. Beograd: DATASTATUS; 2015.
13. Jakšić D. Kinantropološka analiza fudbala u cilju pravilne postavke trenažnih procesa. [Kinantropological analysis of football in order to correctly set up training processes]. Journal of Applied Physical Education and Sport. 2009; 2 (1): 5-11. (In Serbian)
https://doi.org/796.332:796.012.1
14. Matković BR, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Matković B, Janković S, Ružić L, Leko G, Kondrič M. Morphological Characteristics of Elite Croatian Soccer Players According to the Team Position. Cool. Antropol. Suppl. 2003; 27(1): 167-174.
https://doi.org/572.512:796.332
15. Bloomfeld J, Polman R, Butterly R, O'Donoghue P. Analysis of age, stature, body mass, BMI and quality of elite soccer players from 4 European leagues. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2005; 45(1): 58-67.
16. Erkmen N. Evaluating the heading in professional soccer players by playing positions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2009; 23(6): 1723-1728.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b42633
17. Nicolaidis PT. Association between body mass index, body fat per cent and muscle power output in soccer players. Cent. Eur. J. Med. 2012; 7(6): 783-789.
https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-012-0057-1
18. WHO. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series Number 854. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1995.
19. Kovač M, Jurak G, Leskošek B. The prevalence of excess weight and obesity in Slovenian children and adolescents from 1991 to 2011. Anthropological Notebooks. 2012; 18(1): 91-103.
20. Warner ER, Fornetti WC, Jallo JJ, Pivarnik JM A. Skinfold Model to Predict Fat Free Mass in Female Athletes. Journal Athletic Training. 2004; 39(3): 259-262.
21. Claessens AL, Hlatky S, Lefevre J, Holdhaus H. The role of anthropometric characteristics in modern pentathlon performance in female athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1994; 12(4): 391-401.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419408732186
22. Sorensen L, Smolander J, Louhevaara V, Korhonene O, Oja P. Physical activity, fitness and body composition of Finnish police officers: A 15-year follow-up study. Occupational Medicine. 2000; 50(1): 3-10.
https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/50.1.3
23. Dopsaj M, Milošević M, Vučković G, Blagojević M, Mudrić R. Dijagnostika stanja indeksa telesne mase studenata Policijske akademije [Diagnostics of the body mass index of students of the Police Academy]. Sportska Medicina. 2005; 5(4): 180-191 (In Serbian)
24. Marfell-Jones M, Olds T, Stew A, Carter L. International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment. Australia. The International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry; 2006.
25. Kubayi A, Paul Y, Mahlangu P, Toriola A. Physical Performance and Anthropometric Characteristics of Male South African University Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2017; 60: 153-158.
https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0098
26. Bangsbo J. Energy demands in competitive soccer. J. Sports Sci. 1994; 12: 5–12.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.1994.12059272
27. Bunc V, Psotta R. Physiological profile of very young soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2001; 41: 337-41.
28. Rahkila P, Luthanen P. Physical fitness profile of Finnish national soccer team candidates. Sci Football. 1989; 2: 30-33.
29. Vanfraechem JHP, Tomas M. Maximal aerobic power and ventilatory thres-hold of a top level soccer team. In: Reilly T, Clarys J, Stibbe A, editors. Science and football II. London: E&FN Spon; 1993. P.43-46.
30. Moghadam MM, Azarbayjani MA, Sadeghi A. The Comprasion of the Anthropometric Characteristics of Iranian Elite Male Soccer Players in Different Game Position. World Journal of Sport Sciences. 2012; 6(4): 393-400.
https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjss.2012.6.4.1152
31. AI-Hazzaa HM, Alumuzaini KS, AI-Rafaee A, Sulaiman MA, Dafterdar MY, Al-Ghamedi A, Khuraiji K. Aerobic and anaerobic power characteristics of Saudi elite soccer players. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness. 2001; 41(1): 54-61.
32. Hoffman JR, Nusse V, Kanag J. The Effect of intercollegiate Soccer Game on Maximal Power Performance. Can J. Appl. Physiol. 2003; 28(6): 807-808.
https://doi.org/10.1139/h03-060
33. Bangsbo J. The physiology of soccer: with special reference to intense in-termittent exercise. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1994; 619: 1-155.
34. Reilly T. Fitness assessment, anthropometry. In: T. Reilley, ed. Science and Soccer. London, United Kingdom: E&FN Spon; 1996. P. 25-29.
35. Bangsbo J, Michalsik L. Assessment and physiological capacityof elite soccer players. In: W. Spinks, T. Reilly, and A. Murphy, eds. Science and Football IV .Cambridge: Routledge; 2002. P. 53-62.
36. Shephard RJ. Biology and medicine of soccer: An update. J. Sports Sci. 1999; 17: 757-786.
https://doi.org/10.1080/026404199365498
37. Wong P, Mujika I, Castagna C, Chamari K, Lau PWC, Wisloff U. Characteristics of World Cup soccer players. Soccer J Binghamton- National Soccer Coaches Association of America. 2008; 53(1): 57-62.
38. Wong PL, Chamari K, Dellal A, Wisløff U. Relationship between anthropometric and physiological characteristics in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2009; 23(4): 1204–1210.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31819f1e52
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2019-09-17
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Joksimović M, Skrypchenko I, Yarymbash K, Fulurija D, Nasrolahi S, Pantović M. Антропометричні характеристики професійних футболістів з урахуванням ігрового амплуа та їх значення для успішного результату в ігрі. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 17, Вересень 2019;23(5):224-30. доступний у10.15561/18189172.2019.0503
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