Центральна гемодинамічна реакція на інтервальні аеробні пробіжки у здорових студентів-юнаків
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2017.0404Ключові слова:
ударний обсяг, кров'яний тиск, серцевий викид, максимальне споживання киснюАнотація
Мета : Регулярне навчання покращує максимальне споживання кисню (VO2max) і серцево-судинну функцію. Мета цього дослідження полягала в тому, щоб визначити центральну гемодинамічну адаптацію після інтервального аеробного бігу у здорових студентів-юнаків. Матеріал : 20 нетренованих студентів-юнаків (у віці 18-20 років) були добровольцями і випадковим чином ділилися на дві групи: експериментальна (I; n = 10) і контрольна (C; n = 10). Програма пробігу в сільській місцевості 5 × 9 хв при 70% від максимальної частоти серцевих скорочень, що чергуються з 4-хвилинним неактивним відновленням, 3 дні на тиждень протягом 8 тижнів. Контрольна група залишалася без бігу протягом періоду. VO2max, отриманий за допомогою еталонного тесту. Стандартний метод обстеження тетраполярної грудної реографії (імпедансна кардіографія) проводився для гемодинамічних параметрів, під час відпочинку і після навантажувальних (східчастих) станів до і після тренування. Результати : Використовуючи t-тест, через 8 тижнів частота серцевих скорочень в обох групах істотно не змінилася (P> 0,05). Обсяг шуму значно збільшився в I групі після робочого навантаження (P≤0,05). Серцевий викид (СО) в обох групах істотно не змінився (Р> 0,05). Систолічний артеріальний тиск в I групі значно знизилося в спокої і після навантаження (P≤0,05). Діастолічний артеріальний тиск істотно не змінилося в обох групах (P> 0,05). Системний судинний опір в обох групах істотно не змінилося (Р> 0,05). Максимальна аеробне ємність абсолютна і відносна значно зростала в I групі (P≤0,05). Було виявлено суттєву різницю між групами в ударному обсязі, серцевим викидом, абсолютною величиною VO2max і відносної (P≤0,05). Висновки. Вісім тижнів аеробних інтервалів пробіжки можуть впливати на центральну гемодинаміку і VO2max у студентів-юнаків.Посилання
<p>Andrade CH, Cianci RG, Malaguti C, Corso SD. The use of step tests for the assessment of exercise capacity in healthy subjects and in patients with chronic lung disease. <i>J Bras Pneumol</i>, 2012; 38: 116–124. </p>
<p>Atchley AE, Douglas PS. Left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes: morphologic features and clinical correlates. <i>Cardiol Clin</i>, 2007; 25: 371–382. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2007.06.009</p>
<p>Aubert AE, Beckers F, Ramaekers D. Short-term heart rate variability in young athletes. <i>J Cardiol</i>, 2001; 37: 85-8.</p>
<p>Baggish AL. The athlete's heart. In: Ostadal B, and Dhalla NS, editors. <i>Cardiac adaptation. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease</i>. New York: Springer Science and Business Media; 2013. p. 289-302.</p>
<p>Bo-Ae Lee, Deuk-Ja Oh. The effects of long-term aerobic exercise on cardiac structure, stroke volume of the left ventricle, and cardiac output. <i>J Exerc Rehabil</i>, 2016; 12: 37–41. doi:10.12965/jer.150261 </p>
<p>Boutcher S H. High-intensity intermittent exercise and fat loss. <i>J. Obes</i>, 2011, 868305. doi:10.1155/2011/868305</p>
<p>Cavalcante MA, Bombig MT, Luna Filho B, Carvalho AC, Paola AA, Póvoa R. Quality of life of hypertensive patients treated at an outpatient clinic. <i>Arq Bras Cardiol</i>, 2007; 89: 245–250. </p>
<p>Ciolac EG, Guimaraes GV, D’Avila VM, Bortolotto L A, Doria E L, Bocchi E A. Acute effects of continuous and interval aerobic exercise on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in long-term treated hypertensive patients. <i>Int J Cardiol</i>, 2009; 133: 381-387. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.02.005</p>
<p>da Nobrega AC. The subacute effects of exercise: concept, characteristics, and clinical implications. <i>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</i>, 2005; 33: 84-7.</p>
<p>Duncker DJ, Bache R J. Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow During Exercise. <i>Physiological Reviews</i>, 2008; 88: 1009-1086. doi:10.1152/physrev.00045.2006</p>
<p>Fontes-Carvalho R, Sampaio F, Teixeira M, et al. The role of a structured exercise training program on cardiac structure and function after acute myocardial infarction: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. <i>Trials</i>, 2015; 16: 90. doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0612-6</p>
<p>Fontes-Carvalho R, Azevedo AI, Sampaio F, Teixeira M, Bettencourt N, Campos L, et al. The Effect of Exercise Training on Diastolic and Systolic Function After Acute Myocardial Infarction. <i>Medicine</i>, 2015; 94: 1-7. doi:10.1097/md.0000000000001450</p>
<p>Gayda M, Normandin E, Meyer P, Juneau M, Haykowsky M, Nigam A. Central hemodynamic responses during acute high-intensity interval exercise and moderate continuous exercise in patients with heart failure. <i>Appl Physiol Nutr Metab</i>, 2012; 37: 1171-8. doi:10.1139/h2012-109</p>
<p>Gibala MJ, McGee SL. Metabolic adaptations to short-term high-intensity interval training: a little pain for a lot of gain? <em>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</em>, 2008; 36: 58–63. doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e318168ec1f</p>
<p>Gibala MJ, Little JP, van Essen M, Wilkin GP, Burgomaster KA, Safdar A, et al. Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. <i>J Physiol</i>, 2006; 575:901-11. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.112094</p>
<p>Gielen S, Schuler G, Adams V. Cardiovascular effects of exercise training: molecular mechanisms. <i>Circulation</i>, 2010; 122: 1221–1238. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.939959</p>
<p>Gormley SE, Swain DP, High R, Spina RJ, Dowling EA, Kotipalli US, et al. Effect of intensity of aerobic training on VO<sub>2max</sub>. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc</i>, 2008; 40: 1336–43. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816c4839</p>
<p>Hazell TJ, Macpherson RE, Gravelle BM, Lemon PW. 10 or 30-s sprint interval training bouts enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2010; 110: 153–160. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1474-y</p>
<p>Helgerud J, Hoydal K, Wang E, Karlsen T, Berg P, Bjerkaas M, et al. Aerobic high-intensity intervals improve VO<sub>2max</sub> more than moderate training. <i>Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise</i>, 2007; 39: 665-671. doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3180304570</p>
<p>Heran BS, Chen JM, Ebrahim S, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. <i>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</i>, 2011; 7: CD001800. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001800</p>
<p>Joyner MJ, Casey DP. Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological Needs. <i>Physiological Reviews</i>, 2015; 95: 549-601. doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2013</p>
<p>Kelley GA, Kelley KA, Tran ZV. Aerobic Exercise and Resting Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analytic Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials. <i>Preventive cardiology</i>, 2001;4:73-80. </p>
<p>Leicht AS, Sinclair WH, Spinks WL. Effect of exercise mode on heart rate variability during steady state exercise. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2008; 102: 195-204. doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0574-9</p>
<p>Mazurek K, Krawczyk K, Zmijewski P, Norkowski H, Czajkowska A. Effects of aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise programme on aerobic and anaerobic capacity, somatic features and blood lipid profile in collegate females. <i>Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine</i>, 2014; 21: 844–849. doi:10.5604/12321966.1129949</p>
<p>McArdle W, Katch F, Katch V, editors. <i>Exercise Physiology, Nutrition, Energy and Human Performance</i>. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.</p>
<p>Metcalfe RS, Babraj JA, Fawkner SG, Vollaard NB. Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reducedexertion high-intensity interval training. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2012; 112: 2767–2775. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2254-z</p>
<p>Meyer K, Foster C, Georgakopoulos N, Hajric R, Westbrook S, Ellestad A, et al. Comparison of left ventricular function during interval versus steady-state exercise training in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. <i>Am J Cardiol</i>, 1998; 82: 1382-7. doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00646-8</p>
<p>Mihl C, Dassen WR, Kuipers H. Cardiac remodeling: concentric versus eccentric hypertrophy in strength and endurance athletes. <i>Neth Heart J</i>, 2008; 16: 129-133. doi:10.1007/bf03086131</p>
<p>Mitchell JH, Payne FC, Saltin B, Schibye B. The role of muscle mass in the cardiovascular response to static contractions. <i>J Physiol</i>, 1980; 309: 45-54. </p>
<p>Molmen-Hansen HE, Stolen T, Tjonna AE, Aamot IL, Ekeberg IS, Tyldum GA, et al. Aerobic interval training reduces blood pressure and improves myocardial function in hypertensive patients. <i>Eur J Prev Cardiol</i>, 2012; 19: 151-60. doi:10.1177/1741826711400512</p>
<p>Oakley D. The athlete's heart. <i>Heart - BMJ Journals</i>, 2001; 86: 722–726. doi:10.1136/heart.86.6.722</p>
<p>Park SK, Park JH, Kwon YC, Yoon MS, Kim CS. The effect of long-term aerobic exercise on maximal oxygen consumption, left ventricular function and serum lipids in elderly women. <i>J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci</i>, 2003; 22: 11-17. doi:10.2114/jpa.22.11</p>
<p>Rawlins J, Bhan A, Sharma S. Left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes. <i>Eur J Echocardiogr</i>, 2009; 10: 350-356. doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jep017</p>
<p>Ridker PM. On evolutionary biology, inflammation, infection, and the causes of atherosclerosis. <i>Circulation</i>, 2002; 105: 2-4.</p>
<p>Riebe D, Franklin BA, Thompson PD, Garber CE, Whitfield GP, Magal M, et al. Updating ACSM’s recommendations for exercise preparticipation health screening. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc</i>, 2015; 47: 2473–2479. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000664</p>
<p>Rodrigues ACT, de Melo Costa J, Alves GB, Ferreira da Silva D, Picard MH, Andrade JL, et al. Left ventricular function after exercise training in young men. <i>Am J Cardiol</i>, 2006; 97: 1089-92. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.10.055</p>
<p>Shiotani H, Umegaki Y, Tanaka M, Kimura M, Ando H. Effects of aerobic exercise on the circadian rhythm of heart rate and blood pressure. <i>Chronobiol Int</i>, 2009; 26: 1636-46. doi:10.3109/07420520903553443</p>
<p>Sijie T, Hainai Y, Fengying Y, Jianxiong W. High intensity interval training in overweight young women. <i>J Sports Med Phys fitness,</i> 2012; 52: 255-6.</p>
<p>Smart N, Haluska B, Jeffriess L, Marwick TH. Exercise training in systolic and diastolic dysfunction: effects on cardiac function, functional capacity, and quality of life. <i>Am Heart J</i>, 2007; 153: 530–536. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.01.004</p>
<p>Tjonna AE, Lee SJ, Rognmo O, Stølen TO, Bye A, Haram PM, et al. Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome. <i>Circulation</i>, 2008; 118: 346-354. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.772822</p>
<p>Tjonna AE, Leinan IM, Bartnes AT, Jenssen BM, Gibala MJ, et al. Low- and High-Volume of Intensive Endurance Training Significantly Improves Maximal Oxygen Uptake after 10-Weeks of Training in Healthy Men. <i>PLoS ONE</i>, 2013 8(5): e65382. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065382</p>
<p>Trilk JL, Singhal A, Bigelman KA, Cureton KJ. Effect of sprint interval training on circulatory function during exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese women. <i>European journal of applied physiology</i>, 2011; 111: 1591–7. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1777-z</p>
<p>Walker R, Hill K. Modeling growth and senescence in physical performance among the ache of eastern Paraguay. <i>Am J Hum Biol</i>, 2003; 15: 196–208. doi:10.1002/ajhb.10135</p>
<p>Warburton DE, Gledhill N, Jamnik VK, Krip B, Card N. Induced hypervolemia, cardiac function, VO2max, and performance of elite cyclists. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc,</i> 1999;31: 800-808.</p>
<p>Wisloff U, Ellingsen O, Kemi OJ. High-intensity interval training to maximize cardiac benefits of exercise training? <em>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</em>. 2009; 37: 139–46. doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e3181aa65fc</p>
<p>Yu CM, Li LS, Lam MF, et al. Effect of a cardiac rehabilitation program on left ventricular diastolic function and its relationship to exercise capacity in patients with coronary heart disease: experience from a randomized, controlled study. <i>Am Heart J</i>, 2004; 147: e24. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.004</p>
<p>Atchley AE, Douglas PS. Left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes: morphologic features and clinical correlates. <i>Cardiol Clin</i>, 2007; 25: 371–382. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2007.06.009</p>
<p>Aubert AE, Beckers F, Ramaekers D. Short-term heart rate variability in young athletes. <i>J Cardiol</i>, 2001; 37: 85-8.</p>
<p>Baggish AL. The athlete's heart. In: Ostadal B, and Dhalla NS, editors. <i>Cardiac adaptation. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease</i>. New York: Springer Science and Business Media; 2013. p. 289-302.</p>
<p>Bo-Ae Lee, Deuk-Ja Oh. The effects of long-term aerobic exercise on cardiac structure, stroke volume of the left ventricle, and cardiac output. <i>J Exerc Rehabil</i>, 2016; 12: 37–41. doi:10.12965/jer.150261 </p>
<p>Boutcher S H. High-intensity intermittent exercise and fat loss. <i>J. Obes</i>, 2011, 868305. doi:10.1155/2011/868305</p>
<p>Cavalcante MA, Bombig MT, Luna Filho B, Carvalho AC, Paola AA, Póvoa R. Quality of life of hypertensive patients treated at an outpatient clinic. <i>Arq Bras Cardiol</i>, 2007; 89: 245–250. </p>
<p>Ciolac EG, Guimaraes GV, D’Avila VM, Bortolotto L A, Doria E L, Bocchi E A. Acute effects of continuous and interval aerobic exercise on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in long-term treated hypertensive patients. <i>Int J Cardiol</i>, 2009; 133: 381-387. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.02.005</p>
<p>da Nobrega AC. The subacute effects of exercise: concept, characteristics, and clinical implications. <i>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</i>, 2005; 33: 84-7.</p>
<p>Duncker DJ, Bache R J. Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow During Exercise. <i>Physiological Reviews</i>, 2008; 88: 1009-1086. doi:10.1152/physrev.00045.2006</p>
<p>Fontes-Carvalho R, Sampaio F, Teixeira M, et al. The role of a structured exercise training program on cardiac structure and function after acute myocardial infarction: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. <i>Trials</i>, 2015; 16: 90. doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0612-6</p>
<p>Fontes-Carvalho R, Azevedo AI, Sampaio F, Teixeira M, Bettencourt N, Campos L, et al. The Effect of Exercise Training on Diastolic and Systolic Function After Acute Myocardial Infarction. <i>Medicine</i>, 2015; 94: 1-7. doi:10.1097/md.0000000000001450</p>
<p>Gayda M, Normandin E, Meyer P, Juneau M, Haykowsky M, Nigam A. Central hemodynamic responses during acute high-intensity interval exercise and moderate continuous exercise in patients with heart failure. <i>Appl Physiol Nutr Metab</i>, 2012; 37: 1171-8. doi:10.1139/h2012-109</p>
<p>Gibala MJ, McGee SL. Metabolic adaptations to short-term high-intensity interval training: a little pain for a lot of gain? <em>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</em>, 2008; 36: 58–63. doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e318168ec1f</p>
<p>Gibala MJ, Little JP, van Essen M, Wilkin GP, Burgomaster KA, Safdar A, et al. Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. <i>J Physiol</i>, 2006; 575:901-11. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.112094</p>
<p>Gielen S, Schuler G, Adams V. Cardiovascular effects of exercise training: molecular mechanisms. <i>Circulation</i>, 2010; 122: 1221–1238. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.939959</p>
<p>Gormley SE, Swain DP, High R, Spina RJ, Dowling EA, Kotipalli US, et al. Effect of intensity of aerobic training on VO<sub>2max</sub>. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc</i>, 2008; 40: 1336–43. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816c4839</p>
<p>Hazell TJ, Macpherson RE, Gravelle BM, Lemon PW. 10 or 30-s sprint interval training bouts enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2010; 110: 153–160. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1474-y</p>
<p>Helgerud J, Hoydal K, Wang E, Karlsen T, Berg P, Bjerkaas M, et al. Aerobic high-intensity intervals improve VO<sub>2max</sub> more than moderate training. <i>Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise</i>, 2007; 39: 665-671. doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3180304570</p>
<p>Heran BS, Chen JM, Ebrahim S, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. <i>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</i>, 2011; 7: CD001800. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001800</p>
<p>Joyner MJ, Casey DP. Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological Needs. <i>Physiological Reviews</i>, 2015; 95: 549-601. doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2013</p>
<p>Kelley GA, Kelley KA, Tran ZV. Aerobic Exercise and Resting Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analytic Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials. <i>Preventive cardiology</i>, 2001;4:73-80. </p>
<p>Leicht AS, Sinclair WH, Spinks WL. Effect of exercise mode on heart rate variability during steady state exercise. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2008; 102: 195-204. doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0574-9</p>
<p>Mazurek K, Krawczyk K, Zmijewski P, Norkowski H, Czajkowska A. Effects of aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise programme on aerobic and anaerobic capacity, somatic features and blood lipid profile in collegate females. <i>Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine</i>, 2014; 21: 844–849. doi:10.5604/12321966.1129949</p>
<p>McArdle W, Katch F, Katch V, editors. <i>Exercise Physiology, Nutrition, Energy and Human Performance</i>. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.</p>
<p>Metcalfe RS, Babraj JA, Fawkner SG, Vollaard NB. Towards the minimal amount of exercise for improving metabolic health: beneficial effects of reducedexertion high-intensity interval training. <i>Eur J Appl Physiol</i>, 2012; 112: 2767–2775. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2254-z</p>
<p>Meyer K, Foster C, Georgakopoulos N, Hajric R, Westbrook S, Ellestad A, et al. Comparison of left ventricular function during interval versus steady-state exercise training in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. <i>Am J Cardiol</i>, 1998; 82: 1382-7. doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00646-8</p>
<p>Mihl C, Dassen WR, Kuipers H. Cardiac remodeling: concentric versus eccentric hypertrophy in strength and endurance athletes. <i>Neth Heart J</i>, 2008; 16: 129-133. doi:10.1007/bf03086131</p>
<p>Mitchell JH, Payne FC, Saltin B, Schibye B. The role of muscle mass in the cardiovascular response to static contractions. <i>J Physiol</i>, 1980; 309: 45-54. </p>
<p>Molmen-Hansen HE, Stolen T, Tjonna AE, Aamot IL, Ekeberg IS, Tyldum GA, et al. Aerobic interval training reduces blood pressure and improves myocardial function in hypertensive patients. <i>Eur J Prev Cardiol</i>, 2012; 19: 151-60. doi:10.1177/1741826711400512</p>
<p>Oakley D. The athlete's heart. <i>Heart - BMJ Journals</i>, 2001; 86: 722–726. doi:10.1136/heart.86.6.722</p>
<p>Park SK, Park JH, Kwon YC, Yoon MS, Kim CS. The effect of long-term aerobic exercise on maximal oxygen consumption, left ventricular function and serum lipids in elderly women. <i>J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci</i>, 2003; 22: 11-17. doi:10.2114/jpa.22.11</p>
<p>Rawlins J, Bhan A, Sharma S. Left ventricular hypertrophy in athletes. <i>Eur J Echocardiogr</i>, 2009; 10: 350-356. doi:10.1093/ejechocard/jep017</p>
<p>Ridker PM. On evolutionary biology, inflammation, infection, and the causes of atherosclerosis. <i>Circulation</i>, 2002; 105: 2-4.</p>
<p>Riebe D, Franklin BA, Thompson PD, Garber CE, Whitfield GP, Magal M, et al. Updating ACSM’s recommendations for exercise preparticipation health screening. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc</i>, 2015; 47: 2473–2479. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000664</p>
<p>Rodrigues ACT, de Melo Costa J, Alves GB, Ferreira da Silva D, Picard MH, Andrade JL, et al. Left ventricular function after exercise training in young men. <i>Am J Cardiol</i>, 2006; 97: 1089-92. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.10.055</p>
<p>Shiotani H, Umegaki Y, Tanaka M, Kimura M, Ando H. Effects of aerobic exercise on the circadian rhythm of heart rate and blood pressure. <i>Chronobiol Int</i>, 2009; 26: 1636-46. doi:10.3109/07420520903553443</p>
<p>Sijie T, Hainai Y, Fengying Y, Jianxiong W. High intensity interval training in overweight young women. <i>J Sports Med Phys fitness,</i> 2012; 52: 255-6.</p>
<p>Smart N, Haluska B, Jeffriess L, Marwick TH. Exercise training in systolic and diastolic dysfunction: effects on cardiac function, functional capacity, and quality of life. <i>Am Heart J</i>, 2007; 153: 530–536. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.01.004</p>
<p>Tjonna AE, Lee SJ, Rognmo O, Stølen TO, Bye A, Haram PM, et al. Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome. <i>Circulation</i>, 2008; 118: 346-354. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.772822</p>
<p>Tjonna AE, Leinan IM, Bartnes AT, Jenssen BM, Gibala MJ, et al. Low- and High-Volume of Intensive Endurance Training Significantly Improves Maximal Oxygen Uptake after 10-Weeks of Training in Healthy Men. <i>PLoS ONE</i>, 2013 8(5): e65382. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065382</p>
<p>Trilk JL, Singhal A, Bigelman KA, Cureton KJ. Effect of sprint interval training on circulatory function during exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese women. <i>European journal of applied physiology</i>, 2011; 111: 1591–7. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1777-z</p>
<p>Walker R, Hill K. Modeling growth and senescence in physical performance among the ache of eastern Paraguay. <i>Am J Hum Biol</i>, 2003; 15: 196–208. doi:10.1002/ajhb.10135</p>
<p>Warburton DE, Gledhill N, Jamnik VK, Krip B, Card N. Induced hypervolemia, cardiac function, VO2max, and performance of elite cyclists. <i>Med Sci Sports Exerc,</i> 1999;31: 800-808.</p>
<p>Wisloff U, Ellingsen O, Kemi OJ. High-intensity interval training to maximize cardiac benefits of exercise training? <em>Exerc Sport Sci Rev</em>. 2009; 37: 139–46. doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e3181aa65fc</p>
<p>Yu CM, Li LS, Lam MF, et al. Effect of a cardiac rehabilitation program on left ventricular diastolic function and its relationship to exercise capacity in patients with coronary heart disease: experience from a randomized, controlled study. <i>Am Heart J</i>, 2004; 147: e24. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.004</p>
##submission.downloads##
Опубліковано
2017-08-30
Як цитувати
1.
Javad M. Центральна гемодинамічна реакція на інтервальні аеробні пробіжки у здорових студентів-юнаків. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 30, Серпень 2017;21(4):169-74. доступний у10.15561/18189172.2017.0404
Номер
Ліцензія
Copyright Holder - Author(s).
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: more
Statistics
Abstract views: 1280 / PDF downloads: 659
