Perceived barriers to adopting information and communication technology in physical education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0503Keywords:
information, communication, technology, physical educationAbstract
Background and Study Aim. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Physical Education (PE) brings the science of sports to life by combining physical and mental activity. It also helps students focus better on practical and theoretical work. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived barriers to adopting ICTs in PE lessons among high school teachers in Malaysia. Material and Methods. A total of 112 Physical Education teachers were selected by stratified random sampling to answer an online questionnaire. Cluster analysis was then conducted to classify PE teachers’ profiles according to the frequency scores of experiencing challenges in using ICT tools in PE teaching and learning. Discriminant analyses were performed to determine the significant barriers related to technology that differentiate these clusters. Results. In conclusion, Cluster analysis identified three well-defined profiles: cluster 1 (excellent degrees in applying ICT to their teaching practices) consists of 44 teachers; cluster 2 (moderate degrees in applying ICT to their teaching practices) consist of 41 teachers; cluster 3 (poor degrees in applying ICT to their teaching practices) consist of 27 teachers. Results revealed seven out of twelve technology-related barriers were significant among these clusters. They are the insufficient number of computers (p<0.001), insufficient number of internet‐connected computers (p<0.001), insufficient pedagogical support for teachers (p<0.001), lack of content in the national language (p<0.001), pressure to prepare students for exams and tests (p<0.001), no or unclear benefit to using ICT for teaching (p<0.001) and perception of using ICT in teaching and learning not being a goal in their school (p<0.001). Conclusions. Awareness of these barriers has implications for physical education, curriculum design, teacher training, and youth participation in the school environment. The positive opinions and attitudes of PE teachers toward ICTs as educational tools could pave the way for improving their digital literacy. Thus increase their rate of use of these tools if they are provided with the appropriate technical resources and training.Downloads
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https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2011.10598692
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https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2017.01060
28. Ahmad CN, Shaharim SA, Abdullah MF. Teacher-Student Interactions, Learning Commitment, Learning Environment and Their Relationship With Student Learning Comfort. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 2017;14(1):57–72.
29. Trabelsi O, Bouchiba M, Souissi MA, Gharbi A, Mezghanni N, Kammoun MM, Masmoudi L, Mrayeh M. Technology-Mediated Physical Education Teaching Practices In Tunisian Public Schools: A National Teacher Survey. Sport, Education and Society, 2021:1–5.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2021.1926962
30. Kessler G. Formal and Informal CALL Preparation and Teacher Attitude Toward Technology. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2007;20(2):173–88.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220701331394
31. Liu H, Lin CH, Zhang D. Pedagogical Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Information And Communication Technology: A Survey Of Teachers Of English as A Foreign Language In China. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2017;30(8):745–65.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1347572
32. Yeop MA, Yaakob MF, Wong KT, Don Y, Zain FM. Implementation of ICT policy (Blended Learning Approach): Investigating Factors of Behavioural Intention and Use Behaviour. International Journal of Instruction, 2019;12(1):767–82.
33. Ghani MT, Hamzah M, Ramli S, Ab W, Daud AW, Romli TR, Mokhtar NN. A questionnaire-based approach on technology acceptance model for mobile digital game-based learning. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 2019;5(14):11–21.
34. Mamat N, Kamarudin K, Ali SR, Noh NM. The Integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Teaching and Learning in Government and Private Preschools in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2020;10(11):104–12.
https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i11/7881
35. Mai MY. Primary Science Teachers’ Perceptions Of Technological Pedagogical And Content Knowledge (TPACK) in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Science Education and Research, 2016;3(2):167–79.
https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i2.p167-179
https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2019.1685554
2. Sang G, Valcke M, Van Braak J, Tondeur J. Student Teachers’ Thinking Processes and ICT Integration: Predictors of Prospective Teaching Behaviors With Educational Technology. Computers & Education, 2010 Jan 1;54(1):103–12.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.07.010
3. King J, South J. Reimagining The Role of Technology In Higher Education: A Supplement To The National Education Technology Plan. US Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology; 2017.
4. Ertmer PA, Ottenbreit-Leftwich AT, Tondeur J. Teachers’ Beliefs and Uses of Technology To Support 21st-Century Teaching and Learning. International handbook of research on teacher beliefs; 2015.
5. Gibbone A, Rukavina P, Silverman S. Technology integration in secondary physical education: Teachers’ attitudes and practice. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE), 2010;3(1):3.
https://doi.org/10.18785/jetde.0301.03
6. Venkatesh V, Bala H. Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions. Decision sciences, 2008;39(2):273–315.
7. Toledo C. A Five-Stage Model Of Computer Technology Infusion Into Teacher Education Curriculum. Contemporary Issues In Technology And Teacher Education, 2005;5(2):177–91.
8. Yang QF, Hwang GJ, Sung HY. Trends And Research Issues Of Mobile Learning Studies In Physical Education: A Review Of Academic Journal Publications. Interactive Learning Environments, 2020;28(4):419–37.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1533478
9. Kirschner P, Selinger M. The State Of Affairs Of Teacher Education With Respect To Information And Communications Technology. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2003;12(1):5–17.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14759390300200143
10. Mat-Rasid SM, Abdullah MR, Juahir H, Maliki AB, Kosni NA, Musa RM, Hashim MR, Alnamat AS, Alias N, Najmi N. Applied Multidimensional Analysis for Assessing Youth Performance in Sports Talent Identification Program. Int J Recent Technol Eng. 2019; 8(2S7):207–2011.
https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1051.0782S719
11. Rozi AF, Abdullah MR, Rasid SM, Juahir H, Maliki AB, Hashim MR, Alnamat AS, Bidin MN. The Development of Malaysian Body Somatotype Model Using Comprehensive Multivariate Techniques. Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng. 2019; 8(2S7):264–267.
https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1053.0782S719
12. Li K, Li Y, Franklin T. Preservice Teachers’ Intention To Adopt Technology in Their Future Classrooms. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2016;54(7):946–66.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633116641694
13. Teo T. Factors Influencing Teachers’ Intention To Use Technology: Model Development and Test. Computers & Education, 2011;57(4):2432–40.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.008
14. Wyant JD, Jones EM, Bulger SM. A Mixed Methods Analysis Of A Single-Course Strategy To Integrate Technology Into PETE. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 2015;34(1):131–51.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2013-0114
15. Thomas A, Stratton G. What we are really doing with ICT in physical education: a national audit of equipment, use, teacher attitudes, support, and training. British Journal of Educational Technology, 2006;37(4):617–32.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2006.00520.x
16. Hill GM, Valdez-Garcia A. Perceptions of Physical Education Teachers Regarding The Use Of Technology In Their Classrooms. Physical Educator, 2020;77(1):29–41.
https://doi.org/10.18666/TPE-2020-V77-I1-9148
17. Kretschmann R. Physical Education Teachers' Subjective Theories about Integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into Physical Education. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 2015;14(1):68–96.
18. Staples A, Pugach MC, Himes DJ. Rethinking The Technology Integration Challenge: Cases From Three Urban Elementary Schools. Journal of research on Technology in Education, 2005;37(3):285–311.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2005.10782438
19. Tearle P, Golder G. The Use of ICT In The Teaching And Learning Of Physical Education In Compulsory Education: How Do We Prepare The Workforce Of The Future?. European Journal of Teacher Education, 2008;31(1):55–72.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02619760701845016
20. Venkatesh V, Morris MG, Davis GB, Davis FD. User Acceptance Of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View. MIS quarterly, 2003:425–78.
https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
21. Zhao Y, Bryant FL. Can Teacher Technology Integration Training Alone Lead To High Levels Of Technology Integration? A Qualitative Look t Teachers’ Technology Integration After State Mandated Technology Training. Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education, 2006;5(1):53–62.
22. Niess ML. Preparing Teachers To Teach Science And Mathematics With Technology: Developing A Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Teaching and Teacher Education, 2005;21(5):509–23.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2005.03.006
23. Baek JH, Keath A, Elliott E. Physical Education Teachers’ Technology Practices And Challenges. International Journal of Human Movement Science, 2018;12(2):27–42.
https://doi.org/10.23949/ijhms.2018.08.12.2.2
24. Villalba A, González-Rivera MD, Díaz-Pulido B. Obstacles Perceived by Physical Education Teachers to Integrating ICT. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 2017;16(1):83–92.
25. Pyle B, Esslinger K. Utilizing Technology in Physical Education: Addressing The Obstacles of Integration. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 2014;80(2):35.
26. Juniu S. Pedagogical Uses of Technology In Physical Education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 2011;82(9):41–9.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2011.10598692
27. Kamaev O, Proskurov E, Potop V, Nosko M, Yermakova T. Factors that influence somatic health of 10-11-year-old schoolchildren at the beginning and end of an academic year. J Phys Educ Sport, 2017;17(1):407–413.
https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2017.01060
28. Ahmad CN, Shaharim SA, Abdullah MF. Teacher-Student Interactions, Learning Commitment, Learning Environment and Their Relationship With Student Learning Comfort. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 2017;14(1):57–72.
29. Trabelsi O, Bouchiba M, Souissi MA, Gharbi A, Mezghanni N, Kammoun MM, Masmoudi L, Mrayeh M. Technology-Mediated Physical Education Teaching Practices In Tunisian Public Schools: A National Teacher Survey. Sport, Education and Society, 2021:1–5.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2021.1926962
30. Kessler G. Formal and Informal CALL Preparation and Teacher Attitude Toward Technology. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2007;20(2):173–88.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220701331394
31. Liu H, Lin CH, Zhang D. Pedagogical Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Information And Communication Technology: A Survey Of Teachers Of English as A Foreign Language In China. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2017;30(8):745–65.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1347572
32. Yeop MA, Yaakob MF, Wong KT, Don Y, Zain FM. Implementation of ICT policy (Blended Learning Approach): Investigating Factors of Behavioural Intention and Use Behaviour. International Journal of Instruction, 2019;12(1):767–82.
33. Ghani MT, Hamzah M, Ramli S, Ab W, Daud AW, Romli TR, Mokhtar NN. A questionnaire-based approach on technology acceptance model for mobile digital game-based learning. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 2019;5(14):11–21.
34. Mamat N, Kamarudin K, Ali SR, Noh NM. The Integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Teaching and Learning in Government and Private Preschools in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2020;10(11):104–12.
https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i11/7881
35. Mai MY. Primary Science Teachers’ Perceptions Of Technological Pedagogical And Content Knowledge (TPACK) in Malaysia. European Journal of Social Science Education and Research, 2016;3(2):167–79.
https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i2.p167-179
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Published
2022-09-26
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Irwahand FNE, Mat-Rasid SM, Lee JLF, Elumalai G, Shahril MI, Ahmad MAI. Perceived barriers to adopting information and communication technology in physical education. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports. 2022;26(5):291-9. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0503
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