Special and preventive exercises for hamstring muscles in the training process of experienced football players
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0509Keywords:
electromyography, hamstring muscles, special exercises, preventive exercises, footballAbstract
Background and Study Aim. In-depth analysis of electrical activity of certain muscles in athletes contributes to improvement in the technique of physical actions. Hamstring muscles are an important factor for making physical actions by experienced football players. The purpose of the study consisted in substantiation for factors of optimization of physical capacity to work in experienced football players. Materials and methods. The study involved 20 experienced football players (n=20, aged 18-33, the period of going in for football > 10 years). We used equipment of M-TEST computer electromyography device manufactured by research and development enterprise DX-Systems (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The maximum bioelectrical activity (MBA) of m. biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus and m. semimembranosus, which are hamstring muscles (HM), depending upon the angle of applied effort. The study was conducted with positions of the lower leg at angles of 180°, 165°, 145° and 125°. We used two-way analysis of variance and regression analysis. The fact that the distribution was normal was checked by Shapiro-Wilk W test. Results. Conditions for manifestation of the maximally effective realization of contractile abilities of HM were determined. Positions of the body and lower extremities for the largest overlaying of myofilaments in sarcomeres of HM were determined. Conditions of using external movement-disorganizing influence for HM were revealed. Models for special activity of experienced football players were systematized. Conclusions. HM will manifest their MBA in case of the coaxial position of the trunk and lower extremities. The angle of the lower leg position, equal to 180°, is the optimum one for the maximum overlaying of sarcomeres in the above muscles. Exercises with a component, which destabilizes the body position, are the most effective ones for realizing contractile abilities of HM.Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
1. Kostiukevich VM. Theoretical and methodological aspects of training qualified athletes. Vinnitsa: Planer; 2007. (in Ukrainian).
2. Shamardin VM. Technology of training of football team of the highest qualification. Dnipropetrovsk: Innovation; 2012. (in Russian).
3. Sirenko PА. Special and preventive exercises in professional football. Kharkiv: New word; 2012. (in Russian).
4. Dulibskyy A, Khorkavyy B. The use of strength and coordination of football players. In: Conference materials - VI Symposium. Contemporary technical thought in medical and biological sciences. Wrocław; 2015. P. 29-30. (in Polish).
5. Häkkinen K, Newton RU, Walker S, Häkkinen A, Krapi S, Rekola R et al. Effects of Upper Body Eccentric versus Concentric Strength Training and Detraining on Maximal Force, Muscle Activation, Hypertrophy and Serum Hormones in Women. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2022; 21(2): 200–213.
https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2022.200
6. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG. Muscle Testing and Function. 4th Edition, Lippincott. Philadelphia: Williams and Wilkins; 1993.
7. Sak AE. Anatomical and biomechanical basis vertical position of the body and sport. Slobozhansky Scientific and Sport Bulletin, 2013;4:65–67. (in Ukrainian).
8. Sirenko P, Korolinska S, Sirenko Y. Features interference EMG leg extensor muscles of skilled players in the context of the special exercises. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 2013;17(7):70–6. (in Ukrainian).
9. Sirenko P, Korolinska S, Sirenko Y. Features interference electromyogram rectus femoris for skilled players in the context of special exercises. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 2013;17(8):92–8. (in Ukrainian).
10. Verkhoshansky YuV. Basics of the special physical training of sportsmen. Moscow: Physical Culture and Sports; 1988. (in Russian).
11. Zatsiorsky VM, Arunin AS, Seluyanov VN. Biomechanics of human musculoskeletal system. Moscow: Physical Culture and Sports; 1981. (in Russian).
12. Bergstrom HC, Dinyer TK, Succi PJ, Voskuil CC, Housh TJ. Applications of the Critical Power Model to Dynamic Constant External Resistance Exercise: A Brief Review of the Critical Load Test. Sports. 2021; 9(2): 15.
https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9020015
13. Garrett J, Graham SR, Eston RG, Burgess DJ, Garrett LJ, Jakeman J et al. A Novel Method of Assessment for Monitoring Neuromuscular Fatigue in Australian Rules Football Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2019; 14(5): 598–605.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0253
14. Khorkavyy B, Oherchuk O, Kolobych O. Peculiarities of the development of physical qualities of young football players with the help of non-specific and specific means. Sports Science of Ukraine, 2017;2(78):45-53. (in Ukrainian).
15. Sirenko PO. Innovative technologies of skilled football players. [PhD thesis]. Lviv; 2015. (in Ukranian).
16. Brennecke A, Guimarães TM, Leone R, Cadarci M, Mochizuki L, Simão R, et al. Neuromuscular Activity During Bench Press Exercise Performed With and Without the Preexhaustion Method. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2009; 23 (7): 1933–1940.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b73b8f
17. Khorkavyy B, Gargula L. Modern Football Theory and Practice. Contemporary Concepts of Training Young Footballers. Opole; 2016. (in Polish).
18. Kamali AM, Saadi ZK, Yahyavi SS, Zarifkar A, Aligholi H, Nami M. Transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance athletic performance outcome in experienced bodybuilders. PLOS ONE, 2019; 14(8): e0220363.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220363
19. Gordon AM, Huxley AF, Julian FJ. The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres. The Journal of Physiology. 1966;184(1): 170–192.
https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1966.sp007909
20. Luca de C J. The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 1997; 13:135–163.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.13.2.135
21. Liu Y, Kong J, Wang X, Shan G. Biomechanical analysis of Yang’s spear turning-stab technique in Chinese martial arts. Physical Activity Review, 2020;8(2): 16–22.
https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.17
22. Matúš I, Kandráč R. Kinematic analysis of the kick start from OSB12. Physical Activity Review, 2020;8(2): 86–96.
https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.25
23. Çilli M, Yasar M, Çakir O. Electromyographic responses to Nordic curl and prone leg curl exercises in football players. Physical Education of Students, 2021;25(5):288–9.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2021.0505
24. Kukrić A, Joksimović M, Petrović B, Latino F, Pavlović R, Kuvalja R. Ratio of maximum hamstring torque to maximum quadriceps torque in professional basketball and soccer players. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 2021;7(4): 8–18.
https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2021.07.04.01
25. Aktaş S, Çakmakçı O. Examination of lower-upper limb of power and force parameters of elite athletes. Physical Education of Students, 2020;24(6):340–7.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0606
26. Rodríguez-Ridao D, Antequera-Vique JA, Martín-Fuentes I, Muyor JM. Effect of Five Bench Inclinations on the Electromyographic Activity of the Pectoralis Major, Anterior Deltoid and Triceps Brachii during the Bench Press Exercise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020; 17(19): 7339.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197339
27. Bizzini M, Junge A, Dvorak J. The “11+” Manual. A complete warm-up programme to prevent injuries. FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC Football for health); 2007.
28. Kalinowski P, Jerszyński D, Nowakowska M. Level of speed abilities of young football players in various training periods. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 2021;7(2):57–64.
https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2021.07.02.05
29. Bayrakdar A, Kılınç BH. The effect of functional movement screen and lower extremity training on hamstring/quadriceps ratio in football players. Physical Education of Students, 2020;24(2):80–5.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0202
30. Herold JL, Sommer A. A model-based estimation of critical torques reduces the experimental effort compared to conventional testing. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2020; 120(6): 1263–1276.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04358-w
31. Krzysztofik M, Trybulski R, Trąbka B, Perenc D, Łuszcz K, Zajac A et al. The impact of resistance exercise range of motion on the magnitude of upper-body post-activation performance enhancement. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2022; 14(1): 123.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00519-w
2. Shamardin VM. Technology of training of football team of the highest qualification. Dnipropetrovsk: Innovation; 2012. (in Russian).
3. Sirenko PА. Special and preventive exercises in professional football. Kharkiv: New word; 2012. (in Russian).
4. Dulibskyy A, Khorkavyy B. The use of strength and coordination of football players. In: Conference materials - VI Symposium. Contemporary technical thought in medical and biological sciences. Wrocław; 2015. P. 29-30. (in Polish).
5. Häkkinen K, Newton RU, Walker S, Häkkinen A, Krapi S, Rekola R et al. Effects of Upper Body Eccentric versus Concentric Strength Training and Detraining on Maximal Force, Muscle Activation, Hypertrophy and Serum Hormones in Women. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2022; 21(2): 200–213.
https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2022.200
6. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG. Muscle Testing and Function. 4th Edition, Lippincott. Philadelphia: Williams and Wilkins; 1993.
7. Sak AE. Anatomical and biomechanical basis vertical position of the body and sport. Slobozhansky Scientific and Sport Bulletin, 2013;4:65–67. (in Ukrainian).
8. Sirenko P, Korolinska S, Sirenko Y. Features interference EMG leg extensor muscles of skilled players in the context of the special exercises. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 2013;17(7):70–6. (in Ukrainian).
9. Sirenko P, Korolinska S, Sirenko Y. Features interference electromyogram rectus femoris for skilled players in the context of special exercises. Pedagogics, Psychology, Medical-Biological Problems of Physical Training and Sports, 2013;17(8):92–8. (in Ukrainian).
10. Verkhoshansky YuV. Basics of the special physical training of sportsmen. Moscow: Physical Culture and Sports; 1988. (in Russian).
11. Zatsiorsky VM, Arunin AS, Seluyanov VN. Biomechanics of human musculoskeletal system. Moscow: Physical Culture and Sports; 1981. (in Russian).
12. Bergstrom HC, Dinyer TK, Succi PJ, Voskuil CC, Housh TJ. Applications of the Critical Power Model to Dynamic Constant External Resistance Exercise: A Brief Review of the Critical Load Test. Sports. 2021; 9(2): 15.
https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9020015
13. Garrett J, Graham SR, Eston RG, Burgess DJ, Garrett LJ, Jakeman J et al. A Novel Method of Assessment for Monitoring Neuromuscular Fatigue in Australian Rules Football Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2019; 14(5): 598–605.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0253
14. Khorkavyy B, Oherchuk O, Kolobych O. Peculiarities of the development of physical qualities of young football players with the help of non-specific and specific means. Sports Science of Ukraine, 2017;2(78):45-53. (in Ukrainian).
15. Sirenko PO. Innovative technologies of skilled football players. [PhD thesis]. Lviv; 2015. (in Ukranian).
16. Brennecke A, Guimarães TM, Leone R, Cadarci M, Mochizuki L, Simão R, et al. Neuromuscular Activity During Bench Press Exercise Performed With and Without the Preexhaustion Method. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2009; 23 (7): 1933–1940.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b73b8f
17. Khorkavyy B, Gargula L. Modern Football Theory and Practice. Contemporary Concepts of Training Young Footballers. Opole; 2016. (in Polish).
18. Kamali AM, Saadi ZK, Yahyavi SS, Zarifkar A, Aligholi H, Nami M. Transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance athletic performance outcome in experienced bodybuilders. PLOS ONE, 2019; 14(8): e0220363.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220363
19. Gordon AM, Huxley AF, Julian FJ. The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres. The Journal of Physiology. 1966;184(1): 170–192.
https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1966.sp007909
20. Luca de C J. The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 1997; 13:135–163.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.13.2.135
21. Liu Y, Kong J, Wang X, Shan G. Biomechanical analysis of Yang’s spear turning-stab technique in Chinese martial arts. Physical Activity Review, 2020;8(2): 16–22.
https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.17
22. Matúš I, Kandráč R. Kinematic analysis of the kick start from OSB12. Physical Activity Review, 2020;8(2): 86–96.
https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2020.08.25
23. Çilli M, Yasar M, Çakir O. Electromyographic responses to Nordic curl and prone leg curl exercises in football players. Physical Education of Students, 2021;25(5):288–9.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2021.0505
24. Kukrić A, Joksimović M, Petrović B, Latino F, Pavlović R, Kuvalja R. Ratio of maximum hamstring torque to maximum quadriceps torque in professional basketball and soccer players. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 2021;7(4): 8–18.
https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2021.07.04.01
25. Aktaş S, Çakmakçı O. Examination of lower-upper limb of power and force parameters of elite athletes. Physical Education of Students, 2020;24(6):340–7.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0606
26. Rodríguez-Ridao D, Antequera-Vique JA, Martín-Fuentes I, Muyor JM. Effect of Five Bench Inclinations on the Electromyographic Activity of the Pectoralis Major, Anterior Deltoid and Triceps Brachii during the Bench Press Exercise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020; 17(19): 7339.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197339
27. Bizzini M, Junge A, Dvorak J. The “11+” Manual. A complete warm-up programme to prevent injuries. FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC Football for health); 2007.
28. Kalinowski P, Jerszyński D, Nowakowska M. Level of speed abilities of young football players in various training periods. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 2021;7(2):57–64.
https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2021.07.02.05
29. Bayrakdar A, Kılınç BH. The effect of functional movement screen and lower extremity training on hamstring/quadriceps ratio in football players. Physical Education of Students, 2020;24(2):80–5.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0202
30. Herold JL, Sommer A. A model-based estimation of critical torques reduces the experimental effort compared to conventional testing. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2020; 120(6): 1263–1276.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04358-w
31. Krzysztofik M, Trybulski R, Trąbka B, Perenc D, Łuszcz K, Zajac A et al. The impact of resistance exercise range of motion on the magnitude of upper-body post-activation performance enhancement. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2022; 14(1): 123.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00519-w
Downloads
Published
2022-10-20
How to Cite
1.
Sirenko PO, Istomin AH, Sirenko RR, Khorkavyy BV, Rybchych ІE. Special and preventive exercises for hamstring muscles in the training process of experienced football players. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports. 2022;26(5):344-52. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0509
Issue
License
Copyright Holder - Author(s). more
Statistics
Abstract views: 216 / PDF downloads: 114
