Evaluation of integrated sprint and plyometric interventions for enhancing spatial performance of sprinters

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Sprint performance is strongly influenced by neuromuscular coordination and spatial running mechanics. Sprint training commonly includes speed work together with strength and plyometric exercises. Although these approaches are used in practice, their relative effectiveness in improving key spatial sprint parameters remains of practical interest. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the effects of a ten-week integrated sprint and plyometric training programme on selected key spatial sprint-related parameters in male sprinters. Materials and Methods. The experimental group underwent sprint and plyometric training three times a week, while the control group followed their normal sprint training schedule. Ground contact time, step length, stride length, and 30 m sprint time were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), in which body mass index (BMI) was entered as a covariate. Results. The experimental group showed a statistically significant decrease in ground contact time and sprint time, while showing a significant increase in step length and stride length during the pre- to post-assessment period (p < 0.001). In contrast, no statistically significant changes in any spatial parameters were recorded for the control group over the same period (p > 0.05). Pronounced time × group interactions were observed for the examined spatial parameters (p ≤ 0.005). Conclusions. Integrated sprint and plyometric training is associated with beneficial adaptations relevant to sprint performance in male sprinters. This approach reflects coordinated neuromuscular and mechanical responses during sprint execution and supports its practical application in training settings.